Generative reproduction of potatoes in production is applied for generally selection purposes. However, represents a great interest such way of receiving seed and food potatoes proceeding from economy of tuber material per unit area and to quality of seed material the cultures connected by a generating of infectious diseases in the subsequent generations. Considering these circumstances, we considered necessary to conduct researches on studying of generative reproduction of potatoes - as method of creation of initial material for primary seed farming of potatoes on a virus-free basis. In researches insignificant contamination (0,4-1,4%) of seedlings by viruses in the hidden form is established. On the frequency of identification, the viruses S and U prevailed, only 0,4% of plants of a hybrid of Vir-8 contained a virus M and as much plants of hybrid population of K7115 were carriers of a virus X, 0,4-0,9% of a plant of all hybrids positively reacted to the maintenance of a virus U. The insignificant prevalence of plants is viruses at generative reproduction the consequence of reinfection of plants during vegetation of seedlings. It is established that the volume of the production made at cultivation of potatoes more depends in the generative way on a right choice of the hybrid population suitable for seed lings culture. So, the biggest crop (18,5 t/hectare) is received at hybrid population the Maiden, the lowest (4,8 t/hectare) - at K7115 hybrid (tab. 2.). Calculations of economic efficiency of cultivation of potatoes show that due to sharp decrease in costs of seed material, level of profitability of production of potatoes of separate hybrid populations reaches 199%.